4.1 Air quality

1. Activity table
The following table specifies the activity status for discharges of contaminants to air. Refer to other provisions in the Unitary Plan for the activity status of the related land use activity.

* Denotes zones within the Auckland Council District Plan (Hauraki Gulf Islands (HGI) Section)
[rcp/rp]
 Activity Air quality high amenity area
• all other zones (including all coastal zones and the HGI zones)

Air quality rural amenity area
• Rural Production
• Mixed Rural
• Rural Coastal
• Future Urban
• Rural 1*
Rural 2*
• Rural 3*

Air quality high amenity area
• Light Industry
• Commercial 5*
Air quality reduced amenity area
• Heavy Industry


Air quality reduced amenity area
• Special Purpose -Quarry
• Commercial 6 zones*
General permitted controls   
Activities meeting the general permitted activity controls and not provided for by any other rule  P  P  P  P  P
Activities not meeting the general permitted activity controls and not provided for by any other rule  D  D  D  D  D
Chemical and metallurgical processes  
Any process that discharges more than 20kg/hour or 10t/year of volatile organic compounds such as large-scale application of surface coatings or printing ink without the application of heat, excluding the ventilation, displacement or dispensing of motor fuels  D  D  D  D  D
Electroplating  RD  RD  RD  RD  RD
Fumigant for use in commercial pest control  P  P  P  P  P
Mechanical shredding of scrap indoors, including the mechanical removal of plastic or rubber covering from cable, where discharges to air are through particulate control equipment  P  P  P  P  P
Melting of any metal or metal alloy at a rate of no more than 100kg/hour excluding the recycling and melting of scrap metal  P  P  P  P  P
Melting of any metal or metal alloy at a rate between 100kg/hour and 1t/hour excluding welding and jewellery manufacture
 NC  RD  RD  RD  RD
Removal of coatings from wire or cable by heating with emissions control equipment  NC  D  D  D  D
Removal of coatings from wire or cable by heating not provided for by any other rule  Pr  Pr  Pr  Pr  Pr
Spray application of surface coatings containing diisocyanates or hazardous organic plasticisers not in a spray booth or at a domestic premises at an application rate no more than 2L/day  P  P  P  P  P
Spray application of surface coatings containing diisocyanates or organic plasticisers in a spray booth
 P  P  P  P  P
Spray application of surface coatings containing diisocyanates or organic plasticisers in a spray booth not meeting the permitted activity controls  RD  RD  RD  RD  RD
Thermal metal spraying of any metal or metal alloy where discharges to air are through particulate control equipment
 P  P  P  P  P
Thermal metal spraying of any metal or metal alloy that does not comply with permitted activity controls  D  D  D  D  D
Chemical processes or activities associated with small laboratory scale and home hobby operations  P  P  P  P  P
Bodying of oils or manufacture of monomers, synthetic resins, varnishes, plastics or adhesives  D  D  D  D  D
Storage, manufacture or use of acrylates or styrene (threshold to be determined for styrene)  D  D  D  D  D
Production of soap, grease, or surface active agents  D  D  D  D  D
Synthesis or extraction of organic chemicals, including synthesis, extraction, blending or formulation of agrichemicals, or plant hormones  D  D  D  D  D
Production of inorganic chemicals, including concentration of acids or anhydrides, ammonia or alkalis  D  D  D  D  D
Production or blending of fertilisers, including the granulation of single or mixed fertilizers  D  D  D  D  D
Solvent manufacture or recovery  D  D  D  D  D
Distillation, refining or other processing of petroleum or petrol products  D  D  D  D  D
Total or partial disposal of solid or liquid substances by chemical decomposition  D  D  D  D  D
Dry distillation of coal or lignite  D  D  D  D  D
Production of metals or non-metals by a wet process or by means of electrical or mechanical energy  D  D  D  D  D
Production, processing or treatment of organic or inorganic compounds  D  D  D  D  D
Separation, dewatering through the application of heat or distillation of hydrocarbons including used (waste) oil  D  D  D  D  D
Use of bitumen in the manufacture of products other than roading mix  D  D  D  D  D
Carbonising or destructive distillation of hydrocarbons where the solid, liquid or gaseous products are recovered  D  D  D  D  D
Gasification of any hydrocarbon by partial combustion with air or oxygen or reaction with steam  D  D  D  D  D
Manufacturing of semiconductors, explosives, paints, inks or powder coatings  D  D  D  D  D
Industrial gas manufacturing  D  D  D  D  D
Cleaning of metal by pyrolysis   D  D  D  D  D
Manufacture of rigid or flexible polyurethane foam using diisocyanates, or methylene chloride at a rate exceeding a total of 100 kilograms per hour  D  D  D  D  D
Manufacture of more than 5 tonnes per day of fibreglass products   D  D  D  D  D
Use of more than 200 kilogrammes per hour of resins   D  D  D  D  D
Mechanical shredding of scrap outdoors (including the mechanical removal of plastic or rubber covering from cable), or indoors that does not comply with permitted activity controls  D  D  D  D  D
The melting of any metal or metal alloy used in the process of thermal metal spraying, including zinc, that does not comply with the permitted activity controls   D  D  D  D  D
The extraction, including electrochemical methods of reduction, of any metal or metal alloy from its ore, oxide or other compounds  D  D  D  D  D
The manufacture of steel, the refining of any metal, or the modification of any alloy in the molten state  D  D  D  D  D
Melting of any metal or metal alloy with a melting capacity of more than 1t/hour   D  D  D
 D  D
Galvanizing   D  D  D  D  D
Heating in a furnace or other appliance of any metal or metal alloy for the purpose of removing grease, oil or any other non-metallic contaminant, including drum reconditioning  D  D  D  D  D
Removal by heating of any material from wire or cables where all emissions pass through control equipment that minimises emissions of dioxins and other hazardous air pollutants  D  D  D
 D  D
Heating or burning of tyres where all emissions pass through control equipment that minimises emissions of dioxins and other hazardous air pollutants  D  D  D  D  D
Chemical and metallurgical processes not otherwise listed   D  D  D  D  D
Combustion activities  
Emergency generators used for the purpose of generating electricity for premises during mains power unavailability (includes operation for the purpose of generator testing and maintenance)  P  P  P  P  P
Very small industrial, trade and institutional combustion sources for the purpose of raising heat or energy from the combustion of one of the following:
a. natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas up to a total generating capacity of 2MW; or
b. wood, (including untreated wood products such as wood chips and pellets) or diesel up to a total generating capacity of 500kW
 P  P  P  P  P
Small combustion sources established before 1 May 2014 for the purpose of raising heat or energy from the combustion of any of the following
a. natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas, with a total generating capacity of between 2 and 22MW; or
b. diesel, with a total generating capacity of between 500kW and 10MW; or
c. light or heavy fuel oil, excluding waste oil, not exceeding a total generating capacity of 10W; or
d. wood, including untreated wood products such as wood chips and pellets, with a total generating capacity of between 500kW and 5MW; or
e. coal with a total generating capacity not exceeding 5MW.
 P  P  P  P  P
Small combustion sources established from 1 May 2014
for the purpose of raising heat or energy from the combustion in a boiler of any of the following:
a. natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas, with a total generating capacity of between 2 and 22MW
b. diesel, with a total generating capacity of between 500kW and 10MW
 P  P  P  P  P
Medium combustion sources established from 1 May 2014 for the purpose of raising heat or energy from the combustion of any of the following:
a. wood, including untreated wood products such as wood chips and pellets, in a boiler with a total generating capacity of between 500kW and 2MW; or
b. light fuel oil (excluding waste oil) in a boiler not exceeding a total generating capacity of 10MW; or
c. natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas in an internal combustion engine/generator, with a total generating capacity of between 2 and 10 MW; or
d. diesel in an internal combustion engine/generator, with a total generating capacity of between 500kW and 10 MW
 C  C  C  C  C
Medium to large combustion sources for the purpose of raising heat or energy from the combustion of any of the following:
a. natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas in a boiler with a total generating capacity of between 22 and 33MW; or
b. diesel or light fuel oil in a boiler with a total generating capacity of between 10 and 20MW; or
c. wood, including untreated wood products such as wood chips and pellets, in a boiler with a total generating capacity of between 2 and 10MW; or
d. natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas or diesel in an internal combustion engine/generator, with a total generating capacity of between 10 and 20MW
 RD  RD  RD  RD  RD
Combustion activities not meeting the permitted, controlled or restricted discretionary activity controls  D  D  D  D  D
Cremation and incineration processes  
Cremation of human or animal remains, excluding the burning of animal remains covered by outdoor burning rules, where discharges to air are through an afterburner  RD  RD  RD  RD  RD
Cremation of human or animal remains not meeting restricted discretionary activity controls  D  D  D  D  D
Flaring of gas, excluding landfill gas, including biogas and petrochemical products  D  D  D  D  D
Incineration of non-hazardous waste, including paper, greenwaste and untreated wood waste, and excluding outdoor burning, backyard incinerators and single chamber incinerators covered by outdoor burning rules  D  D  D  D  D
Incineration of hazardous waste, excluding outdoor burning, backyard incinerators and single chamber incinerators covered by outdoor burning rules and excluding high temperature incineration covered by National Environmental Standards for Air Quality
 Pr  Pr  Pr  Pr  Pr
Drying and kiln processes  
The baking of clay or ceramic products, including bricks or tiles with a total on-site production capacity of more than 5t/day of finished product  NC  D  D  D  D
Drying, curing or baking of any solvent based coatings onto a surface by application of heat
–at a solvent volatile organic compound(VOC) application rate of less than 20kg /hour
 P  P  P  P  P
Drying, curing or baking of any organic solvent based coating onto a surface by application of heat at a solvent VOC application rate of more than 20kg VOC/hour where discharges to air pass through an afterburner
 D  RD  RD  RD  RD
Drying, curing or baking of any organic solvent based coating onto a surface by application of heat at a solvent VOC application rate of more than 20kg VOC/hour where discharges to air do not pass through an afterburner.
 NC  D  D  D  D
Drying, curing or baking of any substance, excluding food processes and those processes covered by other rules in this section, that on heating at a rate exceeding a total on-site generating capacity of 500kW releases dust, odour or other air pollutants  D  D  D  D  D
Heat set printing at any rate where discharges to air pass through an afterburner  RD  RD  RD  RD  RD
Heat set printing at any rate where discharges to air pass do not pass through an afterburner
 D  D  D  D  D
Manufacture of synthetic wood or paper board, including hardboard, plywood or fibre board, by drying, curing or pressing wood, paper or wood or paper products through the application of heat  D  D  D  D  D
Pulping of wood or paper products by mechanical or chemical processes, or the associated processes of bleaching or chemical or by-product recovery including recycled paper pulping  NC  D  D  D  D
Wood or paper processing using the Kraft process  Pr  Pr  Pr  Pr  Pr
Dust generating processes  
Asbestos - extraction, processing, storage or the manufacture of products containing asbestos except where the activity is:
- associated with site remediation; or
- removal of asbestos from existing structures; or
- the reconditioning or placing of asbestos containing friction linings to brake or clutch assemblies; and
- in accordance with industry best practice that is necessary to meet the requirements of the Health and Safety in Employment Act 1992
 Pr  Pr  Pr  Pr  Pr
Blasting (dry abrasive) within a permanent facility (spray booth) using abrasive material containing less than 5 percent dry weight free silica  P  P  P  P  P
Blasting (vacuum) using abrasive material containing less than 5 percent dry weight free silica  P  P  P  P  P
Blasting (sweep) using abrasive material containing less than 5 percent dry weight free silica   P  P  P  P  P
Blasting (dry abrasive, vacuum or sweep) using abrasive material containing less than 5 percent silica but not meeting the permitted activity controls    RD  RD  RD  RD  RD
Blasting (including dry abrasive, vacuum, and sweep) using abrasive material containing greater than 5 percent silica   NC  NC  NC  NC  NC
Cement storage, handling, redistribution, or packaging, where cement is stored in fully enclosed silos
 P  P  P  P  P
Cement storage, handling, redistribution, or packaging that does not comply with the permitted activity controls
 D  D  D  D  D
Coal storage outdoors where total amount on site is less than two tonnes
 P  P  P  P  P
Coal or coal products storage outdoors greater than two tonnes but not more than 500 tonnes; or
- less than two tonnes but not meeting general permitted activity controls
 D  RD  RD  RD  RD
Coal or coal products storage outdoors of more than 500 tonnes
 D  D  D  D  D
Demolition of buildings not meeting the general permitted activity controls   RD  RD  RD  RD  RD
Earthworks and the construction, maintenance and repair of public roads and railways not meeting the general permitted activity controls   RD  RD  RD  RD  RD
Manufacture of asphalt paving mix where discharges to air are through a bag filter system  D  D  RD  RD  RD
Manufacture of asphalt paving mix that does not meet the restricted discretionary controls   NA  NA  D  D  D
Manufacture of concrete at a rate of less than 110 tonnes/day  P  P  P  P  P
Manufacture of concrete at a rate of more than 110 tonnes/day where discharges to air are through a bag filter system  RD  RD  RD  RD  RD
Manufacture of concrete at a rate of more than 110 tonnes/day where discharges to air are not through a bag filter system
 D  D  D  D  D
Other air discharges from any process that includes:
- sintering, calcining or roasting of metal ores in preparation for smelting
- burning of calcium or calcium magnesium carbonates to produce calcium or magnesium oxides or hydroxides (including lime manufacturing)
- expansion or exfoliation of minerals
- dehydration of gypsum
- the manufacture and/or melting of glass or glass products, including vitrification, with a production capacity of greater than 1t/day
-manufacture of glass or mineral wool
-manufacture of cement or cement products from raw materials
 D  D  D  D  D
Quarrying at a rate of less than 5 tonnes/hour  NC  P  P  P  P
Quarrying at a rate of between 5 and 200 tonnes/hour  NC  RD  RD  RD  RD
Quarrying at a rate:
- exceeding 200 tonnes/ hour from any one quarrying process; or
- between 5 and 200 tonnes/ hour and occurring within 200m of any dwelling
 NC  D  D  D  D
Temporary crushing of concrete, masonry products, minerals, ores and/or aggregates on a development site using a mobile crusher at a rate of up to 60 tonnes/hour  P  P  P  P  P
Crushing of concrete, masonry products, minerals, ores and/or aggregates (not associated with quarrying activities) using a mobile crusher at a rate:
- greater than 60 tonnes/hour or
- less than 60 tonnes/hour and not meeting permitted activity controls
 D  RD  RD  RD  RD
Unsealed public roads  P  P  P  P  P
Food, animal or plant matter processes  
Alcoholic beverage production
- From fermentation of plant matter to produce less than 25 million l/ year
 P  P  P  P  P
Alcoholic beverage production
- from fermentation of plant matter to produce more than 25 million l/year; or
less than 25 million l/ year but not meeting the general permitted activity controls
 RD  RD  RD  RD  RD
Carpet manufacturing  D  D  D  D  D
Coffee roasting at a loading rate of green coffee beans of less than 50kg/hour and not exceeding a total weekly production of 100kg
 P  P  P  P  P
Coffee roasting at a loading rate of green coffee beans of between 50kg/hour and 250kg/hour with a total weekly production of more than 100kg
 P  P  P  P  P
Coffee roasting at a loading rate of green coffee beans of more than 250kg/hour
 D  D  D  D  D
Drying of milk products to produce milk powders  D  D  D  D  D
Extraction, distillation or purification of animal or vegetable fats and oils  D  D  D  D  D
Manufacture of animal casings  D  D  D  D  D
Manufacture of yeast or starch  D  D  D  D  D
Pet food manufacture by the application of heat  D  D  D  D  D
Preservation of animal hides or skins or the removal of hair, wool or feathers, (including tanneries and fellmongeries), by chemical or heat treatment  D  D  D  D  D
Refinement of sugars, roasting or drying of berries, grains or plant matter (except roasting of coffee covered by other rules in this table), curing by smoking, flour or grain milling, deep fat or oil frying exceeding 250kg/hour of product  D  D  D  D  D
Rendering, reduction or drying of animal matter through the application of heat  D  D  D  D  D
Treatment of abattoir waste or abattoir wastewater on the premises  D  D  D  D  D
Wool scouring operations or dag crushing  D  D  D  D  D
Mobile sources  
Discharges to air from motor vehicles, aircraft, trains, vessels (including boats) and mobile sources not otherwise specified (such as lawnmowers), including those on industrial or trade premises (excluding tunnels) (permitted controls do not apply)
 P  P  P  P  P
Discharges to air from tunnels up to 220m long that are used for motor vehicles other mobile sources (permitted controls do not apply)
 P  P  P  P  P
Discharges to air from tunnels used for motor vehicles other mobile sources that do not comply with permitted controls   D  D  D  D  D
Motor Fuel Storage  
Air discharges of volatile organic compounds (including organic solvents) from:
- dispensing of motor fuels
- ventilation or displacement of air or vapour from storage tanks containing motor fuels
- ventilation or displacement of air or vapour from motor fuel tankers (excluding petrol vapour)
 P  P  P  P  P
Air discharges of volatile organic compounds (including organic solvents) from the ventilation or displacement of air or vapour from motor fuels storage tanks or tankers, or from the dispensing of motor fuels that does not comply with the permitted controls
 RD  RD  RD  RD  RD
Petrol storage greater than 1 million litres on-site  RD  RD  RD  RD  RD
Outdoor burning  
Burning of waste, including:
- municipal, commercial, institutional, domestic or industrial wastes
- wood that is painted or chemically treated
- plastic (including agrichemical containers and silage wrap), rubber and paint
- sewage sludge or screenings
- motor vehicles and motor vehicle parts
- pathological, clinical or veterinary wastes
- solid, liquid or gaseous chemical wastes
- construction or demolition waste
- road seal and bitumen
- tyres
- oil (including crude oil, fuel oil sludge, waste oil, refined oil products such as diesel fuel, kerosene and motor gasoline)
- fuels with more than 0.5 percent
by weight sulphur content
- coatings from wire or cable
Excludes untreated wood, paper, greenwaste, dead on-farm animal stock and materials burnt for the purpose of Emergency Service Training and Investigation as allowed for by other rules in this table
 Pr  Pr  Pr  Pr  Pr
Cooking and heating outdoors using fuels (including natural gas, liquid fossil fuels, solid fuels or untreated dry wood containing less than 25 per cent moisture) that contain less than 0.5 per cent sulphur by weight providing it does not cause offensive or objectionable smoke beyond the boundary (includes braziers, firepits, barbecues, umus, hangis, domestic smokehouses and other ethnic cooking fires)
 P  P  P  P  P
Dead farm animals – outdoor burning of up to 1.5t/day Pr exceptions: permitted in Large Lot and Countryside Living zones providing the property is greater than 1ha and a council fire permit is obtained
 P  Pr  Pr  Pr
Dead farm animals – outdoor burning of more than 1.5t/day Pr exceptions: restricted discretionary in Large Lot, Countryside Living and Coastal Settlement zones providing the property is greater than 1ha and a council fire permit is obtained 
 RD  Pr  Pr  Pr
Fireworks (domestic use of)  P  P  P  P  P
Fireworks (commercial use of)  RD  RD  RD  RD  RD
Outdoor burning of any material for the purpose of fire emergency service training and investigation RD exceptions: permitted in Large Lot and Countryside Living zones providing the property is greater than 1ha and a council fire permit is obtained
 P  P  P  P
Outdoor burning of any material for the purpose of fire emergency service training and investigation not meeting the permitted activity controls   RD  RD  RD  RD  RD
Outdoor burning of any material required by Ministry of Primary Industries or designated authorities under the Health Act 1956 RD exceptions: permitted in Large Lot and Countryside Living zones providing the property is greater than 1ha and a council fire permit is obtained
 P  RD  RD  RD
Outdoor burning of untreated wood, or paper for the purpose of controlled public displays for celebrations (e.g. Guy Fawkes bonfires)  RD  P  RD  RD  RD
Outdoor burning of untreated wood, paper, and greenwaste (that was generated on the premises where it is to be burned) except where allowed for by another rule in this table
Pr exceptions: permitted in Large Lot and Countryside Living zones providing the property is greater than 1ha and a council fire permit is obtained
 P  Pr  Pr  Pr
Rural activities  
Animal feedlots for cattle
 Pr  NC  NC  NC  NC
Disposal of livestock and offal, using offal holes or shallow trenches  D  P  D  D  P
Disposal of livestock and offal using offal holes or shallow trenches not complying with the permitted activity controls  NC  RD  NC  NC  RD
Intensive farming of up to 10,000 poultry  D  P  D  D  P
Intensive farming of up to 10,000 poultry that does not comply with the permitted activity controls   NC  RD  NC  NC  P
Intensive farming of more than 25 pig equivalents or more than 10,000 poultry that was established before 21 October 2001  C  C  C  C  P
Intensive farming established from 21 October 2001 housing between 10,000 to 180,000 chickens  NC  RD  NC  NC  RD
Intensive farming of more than 25 pig equivalents or any number of poultry not meeting permitted, controlled or restricted discretionary controls  NC  D  NC  NC  D
Manufacture and storage of silage  D  P  D  D  P
Waste processes  
Composting:
- of refuse, waste, organic materials or green wastes where the total amount on site is less than 10m3
 P  P  P  P  P
Composting, where the operation is not fully enclosed:
- of refuse, waste, organic materials excluding green wastes where the total amount on site is between 10m3 and 50m3
 D  P  P  P  P
Composting, where the operation is not fully enclosed:
- of only greenwaste where the total amount on site is between 10m3 and 100m3
 D  P  P  P  P
Composting, where the operation is fully enclosed:
- of refuse, waste, organic materials or green wastes where the total amount on site is between 10m3 and 100m3
 RD  P  P  P  P
Composting where the operation is fully enclosed:
- of refuse, waste, organic materials or green wastes between 100m3 and 1000m3
 D  RD  RD  RD  RD
Composting – any other composting including that not meeting permitted and restricted discretionary activity controls
 D  D  D  D  D
Greenwaste collection stations  P  P  P  P  P
Greenwaste collection stations not meeting the permitted activity controls  D  RD  RD  RD  RD
Refuse transfer stations with less than 30m3 of refuse or 500m3 of green waste  D  P  P  P  P
Refuse transfer stations with more than 30m3 of refuse or 500m3 of green waste
 NC  C  C  C  C
Refuse transfer stations not meeting the permitted or controlled activity controls   D  RD  RD  RD  RD
Recycling stations where no greenwaste is collected on site  D  P  P  P  P
Recycling stations not meeting the permitted activity controls   NC  RD  RD  RD  RD
Landfills that ceased receiving waste materials (closed landfill) after 1 October 1991, and contained at least 200,000 tonnes of waste materials at time of closure  RD  RD  RD  RD  RD
Landfills receiving waste material, including domestic and industrial wastes  D  D  D  D  D
Landfills that do not comply with restricted discretionary or discretionary activity controls   NC  NC  NC  NC  NC
Treatment of industrial, chemical, pathological or hazardous waste materials prior to disposal which are not generated on site
 NC  D  D  D  D
Treatment of wastewater that was generated on-site (on-site wastewater treatment systems) - excluding municipal wastewater  P  P  P  P  P
Treatment of municipal wastewater (municipal wastewater treatment plants)  D  D  D  D  D
Disposal to ground of treated sewage sludge (biosolids) or septage (septic tank cleanings) up to 10t/day
 NC  P  D  D  D
Disposal to ground of treated sewage sludge (biosolids) or septage (septic tank cleanings) greater than 10t/day
 NC  D  D  D  D
Wastewater facility that is for the primary purpose of pumping or transfer or storage of raw or partially treated wastewater
 P  P  P  P  P
Wastewater facility that is for the primary purpose of pumping, or storage or transfer of wastewater and not meeting the permitted activity controls  RD  RD  RD  RD  RD
Other processes
Nuclear power generation
 Pr  Pr  Pr  Pr  Pr
2. Notification
1. All restricted discretionary activities for discharges of contaminants to air will be subject to the normal tests for notification in the relevant sections of the RMA. 
3. Controls
3.1 Permitted activities
3.1.1 General Controls
The following controls apply to all permitted activities that discharge contaminants to air except from mobile sources. No permitted activity controls apply to mobile sources.

1. The discharge must not contain contaminants that cause, or are likely to cause, adverse effects on human health, property or the environment beyond the boundary of the premises where the activity takes place.
2. The discharge must not cause noxious, dangerous, offensive or objectionable odour, dust, particulate, smoke or ash beyond the boundary of the premises where the activity takes place.
3. There must be no, dangerous, offensive or objectionable visible emissions.
4. There must be no spray drift or overspray beyond the boundary of the premises where the activity takes place.

Explanation
The determination of whether a discharge of contaminants into air is the cause of noxious, dangerous, offensive or objectionable effects will be made by council officers experienced in such assessments. When making the determination in relation to odour and dust, the FIDOL factors (frequency, intensity, duration, offensiveness and location) will be used.

The use of the FIDOL factors provides a framework for making an objective and consistent assessment of the degree of effects. The amenity provisions for each zone, which the discharges of contaminants into air are affecting, will be taken into account when making the assessment.
3.1.2 Chemical and metallurgical processes
1. Mechanical shredding of scrap indoors, (including the mechanical removal of plastic or rubber covering from cable, where discharges to air are through particulate control equipment:
a. before discharging to air, all emissions must pass through control equipment that achieves a particulate emission rate of no more than 10mg/m3 (STP, dry gas basis and 12 percent CO2 by volume)
b. emissions control equipment must be maintained in accordance with manufacturers specifications. Where alternative maintenance programme is proposed, that programme must be certified by an independent chartered professional engineer to meet the above performance controls.
2. Thermal metal spraying, including the melting of any metal or metal alloy, where discharges to air are through particulate control equipment:
a. the process must be contained within a spray booth
b. before discharging to air, all emissions must pass through control equipment that achieves a particulate emission rate of no more than 30mg/m3 (STP, dry gas basis and 12 per cent CO2 by volume).
3. Spray application of surface coatings containing diisocyanates or organic plasticisers:
a. the spray booth or room must be fitted with a suitable filter system to minimise air discharges of diisocyanates and organic plasticisers
b. vents from the spray booth or room must discharge vertically,at least 3m above the ridge height of the building and not be fitted with a rain excluder.
3.1.3 Combustion activities
1.Small combustion sources established before 1 May 2014
a.this rule will cease to be in effect after 30 April 2024
b.the activity must have been lawfully established as a permitted activity before 1 May 2014
c.any change in the activity must not change the character or increase the scale or intensity of any adverse effects of the activity on the environment
d.there must be no visible emissions resulting from the combustion process other than heat haze and clean steam during normal operation
e.air discharges must be through a stack, the height of which must be determined by the procedures set out by the NSW Environment Protection Agency Guidelines for estimating Chimney Heights for small and medium sized Fuel Burning Equipment February 1993. If the stack height does not comply then the operator must demonstrate that the activity will not cause an exceedance of the relevant air quality standards beyond the site and must obtain a Certificate of Compliance to confirm the permitted activity status of the discharge
f.rain excluders must not impede the upward discharge of combustion gases
g.air discharges from combustion of wood, including untreated wood products such as wood chips and pellets, and coal combustion processes must discharge through particulate emissions control equipment such as a bag filter or electrostatic precipitator
h.the sulphur content of the fuel must be no more than 0.5 per cent by weight
i.the wood (including untreated wood products such as wood chips and pellets) must have a moisture content of less than 25 per cent by weight (dry basis)
j.any wood (including wood products such as wood chips and pellets) must not be not painted, tanalised (treated with copper, chrome and arsenic) or treated with preservatives or impregnated with chemicals, including chipboard
k.maintenance of combustion appliances must occur in accordance with manufacturer’s specifications and maintenance records are made available to council officers on request
l.the council must be provided with the following information on 1 May 2016 and 1 May 2021:
i.location of combustion process and stack
ii.fuel source
iii.type of device and total generating capacity
iv.details of any particulate emissions control employed.

Explanation
Combustion sources lawfully established as permitted activities before the notification date of the Unitary Plan may continue in compliance with the control above until 30 April 2024. From 1 May 2024 all small combustion activities operating under clause 3.1.3.1 above must comply with rule 3.1.3.2 below below or obtain a consent.

2.Small combustion sources established from 1 May 2014
a.the activity must not include combustion engines/generators
b.there must be no visible emissions resulting from the combustion process other than heat haze and clean steam during normal operation
c.air discharges must be through a stack, the height of which must be determined by the procedures set out by the NSW Environment Protection Agency Guidelines for estimating Chimney Heights for small and medium sized Fuel Burning Equipment February 1993. If the stack height does not comply then the operator must demonstrate that the activity will not cause an exceedance of the relevant air quality standards beyond the site boundary and must obtain a Certificate of Compliance to confirm the permitted activity status of the discharge
d.rain excluders must not impede the upward discharge of combustion gases
e.the sulphur content of the fuel is no more than 0.5 per cent by weight
f.maintenance of combustion appliances must occur in accordance with manufacturer’s specifications and maintenance records must be made available to council officers on request
g.the council must be provided with the following information on 1 May 2016 and 1 May 2021:
i.location of combustion process and stack
ii.fuel source
iii.type of device and total generating capacity
iv.details of any particulate emissions control employed.
3.1.4 Dust generating processes
1. Blasting (dry abrasive) within a permanent facility (spray booth) using abrasive material containing less than 5 per cent dry weight free silica:
a. emissions must pass through a filtration system that achieves a particulate emission rate of 30mg/m3 (STP and dry gas basis)
b. emissions control equipment must be maintained in accordance with manufacturers specifications
c. a differential pressure gauge must be installed across the filtration system and the processing monitoring equipment must be fitted with audible alarms
d. the control equipment and maintenance programme must be certified by an independent chartered professional engineer to demonstrate that the control equipment is adequate to meet the criteria specified in a. and c. above
e. all work areas and surrounding areas must be kept clean and substantially free of accumulations of deposited blasting material and other debris
f. abrasive material used for the blasting must contain less than 2 per cent by dry weight dust able to pass a 0.15 mm sieve.
2. Blasting (vacuum) using abrasive material containing less than 5 per cent dry weight free silica:
a. material collected by the vacuum device must pass through a fabric filter or other collection system capable of achieving a non-visible discharge
b. all work areas and surrounding areas must be kept clean and substantially free of accumulations of deposited abrasive blasting material and other debris.
3. Blasting (sweep) using abrasive material containing less than 5 per cent dry weight free silica:
a. all work areas and surrounding areas must be kept clean and substantially free of accumulations of deposited abrasive blasting material and other debris.
4. Cement storage, handling, redistribution, or packaging, where cement is stored in fully enclosed silos:
a. silos must be fitted with an appropriate filtration system which is certified by an independent chartered professional engineer as being designed to have a maximum emission rate of 30mg/m3 (STP and dry gas basis)
b. cement must be delivered via a fully enclosed system
c. silos must be fitted with a high level alarm that has both an audible and visual indicator and when the alarm is triggered it will stop the filing of the silo.
5. Temporary crushing of concrete, masonry products, minerals, ores and/or aggregates on a development site, using a mobile crusher, at a rate of up to 60 tonnes per hour:
a. an effective watering system must be available to minimise dust emissions
b. operation of the crusher must occur on no more than 180 days over the duration of the development project, or
c. temporary crushing plant must be located on a development site and must only crush material originating from and to be utilised at the development site.
3.1.5 Drying and kiln processes
1. The solvent VOC application rate must be calculated from the proportion of the coating material that is a VOC (taking into account the volatility under the particular conditions of use) multiplied by the total application rate of the coating material.
2.For clarity, all substances that are subjected to temperatures in excess of their boiling point shall be considered volatile under the conditions of use.
3.1.6 Food, animal or plant matter processes
1. Coffee roasting at a loading rate of green coffee beans between 50kg/hour and 250kg/hour with a total weekly production of more than 100kg
a. the operation must have been established prior to 1 May 2014:
i. any change in the activity must not change the character or increase the scale or intensity of any adverse effects on the environment as a result of air discharges from the activity.
b. the operation must have been established, or production increased, on or after 1 May 2014 and air emissions are discharged through an afterburner:
i. the afterburner must have a minimum operating temperature of 750 degrees C and a residence time of 0.5 seconds
ii. the afterburner must have a temperature gauge with readout easily accessible to the operator
iii. the afterburner must be interlocked with the coffee roaster burner control or a log must be maintained which clearly documents that the afterburner temperature is operating at 750 degrees C when the temperature of the coffee beans exceeds 120 degrees C during the roasting process.
3.1.7 Motor fuel storage
1. The storage tank containing motor fuels must have been installed prior to 1 January 2007; or the storage tank containing motor fuels must have been installed or replaced (for existing tanks) from 1 January 2007, and must include measures to ensure that petrol vapour arising from storage tank filling is captured.
3.1.8 Outdoor burning
1. Burning of any material for the purpose of fire emergency service training and investigation:
a. all adjacent neighbours must be advised in writing at least 48 hours prior to the fire being lit
b. the Auckland Council Principal Rural Fire Officer must be advised at least seven working days in writing in advance of the location and duration of the fire and the contact details of the person overseeing the fire
c. the fire must be under the direction and supervision of the New Zealand Fire Service, council fire officers or the Auckland Airport Fire Service in the case of fires at Auckland Airport.
2. To minimise the discharge of contaminants into air from outdoor burning and burning within a backyard or single chamber incinerator such that it will comply with the general permitted activity control a fire must:
a. use wood or vegetation that is dry and well seasoned
b. be located as far as practicable from adjacent premises
c. be undertaken during daylight hours
d. be supervised
e. be located at least 3m from any combustible material including buildings, fences, hedges and trees
f. be undertaken in accordance with any instructions provided by the manufacturer if vegetation has been treated or sprayed by an agrichemical
g. be undertaken in suitable weather conditions, for example light winds

Note:
Outdoor burning activities permitted by a rule in this plan may require a fire permit under other legislation including Forest and Rural Fires Act 1977 and council bylaws.
3.1.9 Waste processes
1. Green waste collection stations:
a. green wastes must be kept on-site for not more than three days from date of receipt
b. there must be no shredding of green waste.
2. Refuse transfer stations where less than 30m3 of refuse or 500m3 of green waste is kept on site
a. green waste must be kept on-site for no more than three days from the date of receipt
b. there must be no shredding of green waste.
3. Wastewater facility that is for the primary purpose of pumping or transfer or storage of raw or partially treated wastewater.
a. storage of wastewater must be within an enclosed tank of less than 4000m3; or
b. storage of wastewater must be within an enclosed tank of between 4000m3 and 10,000m3 that is fitted with an effective odour control system, such as a bio-filter.
3.2 Controlled activities
The following controls apply to specified controlled activities that discharge contaminants to air:
3.2.1 Combustion activities
1. Medium combustion sources established from 1 May 2014
a. there must be no visible emissions resulting from the combustion process other than heat haze and clean steam
b. air discharges must be through a stack, the height of which must be determined by the procedures set out by the NSW Environment Protection Agency Guidelines for estimating Chimney Heights for small and medium sized Fuel Burning Equipment February 1993
c. rain excluders must not impede the upward discharge of combustion gases
d. the wood, including untreated wood products such as wood chips and pellets, has a moisture content of less than 25 per cent by weight (dry basis)
e. any wood, including wood products such as wood chips and pellets, must not be painted, tanalised (treated with copper, chrome and arsenic) or treated with preservatives or impregnated with chemicals (including chipboard)
f. air discharges from wood, including untreated wood products such as wood chips and pellets, combustion must discharge through particulate emissions control equipment such as a bag filter or electrostatic precipitator that achieves a maximum total suspended particulate emission rate of 50mg/m3 (STP, dry gas basis, corrected to 12 percent CO2 by volume)
3.2.2 Rural activities
1. Intensive farming indoors of more than 25 pig equivalents or more than 10,000 poultry that was lawfully established or authorised before 21 October 2001:
a. any change in the activity must not change the character or increase the scale or intensity of any adverse effects of the activity on the environment
b. the activity must have a management plan recording all management, operational and monitoring procedures, methodologies and contingency plans necessary to comply with this rule
3.2.3 Waste processes
1. Refuse transfer station with more than 30m3 of refuse or 500m3 of green waste.
a. the refuse station must be located more than 300m from any dwelling or residential zone
b. the premises must be in an industrial or rural area and have either:
i. a minimum separation distance of 300m from any dwelling on another property or any residentially zoned area, or
ii. a minimum notional odour boundary of 300m through designation or an instrument registered against the land title of the owners of any residential property within 300m of the activity. Such designation or registered instrument must provide a restriction on the owners and occupiers of such land from complaining about any offensive or objectionable odour generated by the activity in respect of that property.
c. the refuse transfer station must be designed to ensure that litter and dust is kept to a practicable minimum and with sufficient capacity to hold all waste materials received on-site indoors or under cover, except green wastes
d. all access and transfer areas must be sealed and designed with sufficient room for the movement of vehicles within the yard area
e. the consent applicant must have clear protocols for:
i. acceptance criteria for materials delivered to the site
ii. odour, dust and litter mitigation
iii. storage, handling and disposal of all types of refuse accepted on the site
f. there must be no shredding of green waste
g. the activity must have an operations plan outlining the protocols developed in accordance with d. above and measures to mitigate or prevent adverse effects beyond the boundary of the premises.
3.3 Restricted discretionary activities
3.3.1 Chemical and metallurgical processes
1. Spray application of surface coatings in a spray booth and containing diisocyanates or organic plasticisers:
a. the spray application of surface coatings must be undertaken within a spray booth or room that is fitted with a suitable filter system to minimise air discharges of diisocyanates and organic plasticisers
b. vents from the spray room or booth must discharge vertically,at least 3m above the ridge height of the building and not be fitted with a rain impeder.
3.3.2 Combustion activities
1. Medium to large combustion sources for the purpose of raising heat or energy
a. there must be no visible emissions resulting from the combustion process other than heat haze and clean steam
b. air discharges must be through a stack, the height of which must be determined by the procedures set out by the NSW Environment Protection Agency Guidelines for estimating Chimney Heights for small and medium sized Fuel Burning Equipment February 1993
c. rain excluders must not impede the upward discharge of combustion gases
d. the wood, including untreated wood products such as wood chips and pellets, must have a moisture content of less than 25 per cent by weight (dry basis)
e. any wood, including wood products such as wood chips and pellets, must not be painted, tanalised (treated with copper, chrome and arsenic) or treated with preservatives or impregnated with chemicals (including chipboard)
f. air discharges from wood, including untreated wood products such as wood chips and pellets, combustion must discharge through particulate emissions control equipment such as a bag filter or electrostatic precipitator that achieves a maximum total suspended particulate emission rate of 50mg/m3 (STP, dry gas basis, corrected to 12 per cent CO2 by volume).
3.3.3 Cremation and incineration processes
1. Cremation of human or animal remains, excluding the burning of animal remains covered by outdoor burning rules
a. the crematorium must be designed so that before discharge to air, all emissions from the crematorium chamber must be contained and must pass through an afterburner.
b. the afterburner must be capable of maintaining all gases passing through it at a minimum temperature of 850 degrees C in greater than 6 per cent oxygen for a design residence time of at least two seconds.
c. the afterburner must have a temperature probe installed to continuously monitor and record the temperature of the waste gases in the afterburner. The stack must have an opacity meter installed to continuously monitor and record the opacity of the discharge. All process monitoring equipment must be fitted with audible alarms.
d.  amanufacturer guarantee or certification by an independent chartered professional engineer that design of the afterburner system is adequate to meet the criteria specified ina., b., and c. above must be provided.
e. the following materials must not be burned:
i. coffins constructed or furnished with PVC or melamine
ii. cardboard coffins containing chlorine in the wet-strength agent
iii. chlorinated plastic packaging for stillbirth, neonatal and foetal remains
iv. coffins containing metals (except steel screws and staples) e.g. lead and zinc
v. halogenates and wax.
3.3.4 Drying and kiln processes
1.The solvent VOC application rate must be calculated from the proportion of the coating material that is a VOC (taking into account the volatility under the particular conditions of use) multiplied by the total application rate of the coating material.
2.For clarity, all substances that are subjected to temperatures in excess of their boiling point shall be considered volatile under the conditions of us.
3.3.5 Dust generating processes
1. The quarrying activity must be located at least 200m from any dwelling.
2. Discharges to air from the demolition of buildings containing asbestos materials must be undertaken in a way that avoids the discharge of asbestos and provides for the health and safety of all people, including those working on the site, and in accordance with the Health and Safety in Employment Act 1992.
3. For discharges or dust from earthworks or road construction and maintenance that do not meet permitted activity controls, a dust management and monitoring plan must be submitted to council that will shown the means by which dust will be minimised such that it does not cause nuisance beyond the boundary of the works.
3.3.6 Rural activities
1. Intensive farming established from 21 October 2001 housing between 10,000 to 180,000 chickens:
a. the premises, measured from the exhaust vents closest to the neighbouring site, must be located a minimum of 400m from the property boundary or notional property boundary. Notional property boundaries must be established through an instrument registered against the land title or any neighbouring property within the buffer area. Such registered instrument must provide a restriction on the owners and occupiers of such land from complaining about any offensive and objectionable odours or dust within the buffer area generated by the intensive livestock chicken farm
b. there must be a management plan for the activity detailing:
i. environmental objectives and targets, use of best practicable options, performance reviews, checklists
ii. shed management details including ventilation and litter management
iii. drinker and feeding systems operation
iv. waste management and litter disposal
v. complaints system and management including schedule of neighbouring properties and contact phone list.
3.4 Discretionary activities
3.4.1 Waste processes
1. Discharges to air from landfills receiving waste materials, including domestic and industrial wastes:
a. the landfill must have been issued with a resource consent or an application has been lodged to discharge contaminants into air prior to 1 January 2002 and the landfill is still receiving waste provided the footprint and contours of the landfill remain unchanged; or
b. the landfill operation must be able to maintain a minimum separation distance of one kilometre between the landfill footprint and nearest dwelling located in the urban area and zoned for residential activities; or
c. the landfill operation must be able to maintain a minimum notional odour boundary of one kilometre through designation or an instrument registered against the land title of any residential property within one kilometre of the landfill footprint for the active life of the landfill. Such designation or instrument must provide a restriction on the owners and occupiers of such land from complaining about any offensive or objectionable odour generated by the landfill in respect of that property.
4. Assessment - Controlled activities
4.1 Matters of control
The council will restrict its control to the following matters when assessing controlled activity resource consent applications. 

1. Combustion activities
a. stack height, design and emission discharge velocity
b. fuel source, burning rate, emissions controls and maintenance.
2. Rural activities
a. location of activity
b. dust and odour mitigation methods
c. type of waste treatment.
3. Waste processes
a. location of activity and site layout and station design to ensure required indoor capacity and separation distances between any sensitive land uses
b. protocols for waste acceptance
c. odour, dust, and litter control measures
d. operation plan and its adequacy.
4.2 Assessment criteria
1. Measures to ensure that discharges to air are minimised as far as practicable, and where appropriate through:
a. use of low emission fuels
b. efficient use of energy
c. use of best practicable option
d. minimisation of fugitive emissions.
2. The degree to which conditions of consent can avoid, remedy or mitigate adverse effects on health, amenity, property and the environment including appropriate emissions control technology and best practice management.
3. Whether there are practicable location and method options that cause less adverse effects on health, amenity, property and the environment and can still achieve the applicant’s objectives.
4. Whether the duration of the consent should be limited to address:
a. limitations in the existing technology and emission management systems; and
b. future changes in the use and amenity of the neighbourhood.
5. Assessment - Restricted discretionary activities
5.1 Matters of discretion
The council will restrict its discretion to the following matters when assessing restricted discretionary activity resource consent applications.

1. General
a. offsets for discharges of PM10 and PM2.5
b. location of site/activity
c. site/plant layout.
2. Chemical and metallurgical processes
a. quantity, quality and type of discharge and any effects arising from that discharge
b. sensitivity of receiving environment and separation distances between the activity and any sensitive land uses
c. production capacity and material that can be burnt
d. emissions of odour, dust, visible emissions and hazardous air pollutant, including any mitigation measures
e. management plans
f. emissions control and plant maintenance.
3. Outdoor burning
a. location of the fire and duration
b. weather conditions for the burning
c. the need for the fire and the consideration of alternatives
d. quantity and type of material to be burnt and any effects arising from the fire
e. methods to control and minimise air discharges from the fire
f. how neighbours will be informed
g. sensitivity of downwind receiving environment.
4. Cremation and incineration processes
a. quantity, quality and type of discharge and any effects arising from that discharges
b. sensitivity of receiving environment and separation distances between the activity and any sensitive land uses
c. production capacity and material that can be burnt
d. odour, dust, visible emissions and hazardous air pollutant mitigation measures
e. management plans
f. emissions control and plant maintenance.
5. Drying and kiln processes
a. quantity, quality and type of discharge and any effects arising from that discharge
b. sensitivity of receiving environment and separation distances between the activity and any sensitive land uses
c. production capacity
d. odour, dust, visible emissions and hazardous air pollutant mitigation measures
e. effectiveness of the afterburner for emissions control.
6. Dust generating activities
a.quantity, quality and type of discharge and any effects arising from that discharge
b. sensitivity of receiving environment and separation distances between the activity and any sensitive land uses
c. production capacity of activity
d. dust and odour mitigation measures
e. dust management plan and other management plans.
7. Food, animal, or plant matter processes
a. quantity, quality and type of discharge
b. sensitivity of receiving environment and separation distances between the activity and any sensitive land uses
c. odour and dust mitigation measures.
8. Combustion activities
a. quantity, quality and type of discharge and any effects arising from that discharge
b. effect on meeting the Auckland Ambient Air Quality Standards
c. stack height, design and emissions discharge velocity
d. fuel source, burning rate, emission controls and maintenance.
9. Motor fuel storage
a. quantity, quality and type of discharge
b. sensitivity of receiving environment and separation distances between the activity and any sensitive land uses
c. odour mitigation
d. risk assessment and methods to manage any residual risk.
10. Rural activities
a. quantity, quality and type of discharge and any effects arising from that discharge
b. sensitivity of receiving environment and separation distances between the activity and any sensitive land uses
c. previous complaint history
d. number of livestock
e. odour, dust, visible emissions and hazardous air pollutant mitigation measures
f. waste treatment
g. management plans
h. emissions control and plant maintenance.
11. Waste processes
a. quantity, quality and type of discharge and any effects arising from that discharge
b. sensitivity of receiving environment and separation distances between the activity and any sensitive land uses
c. station design to ensure required indoor capacity
d. previous complaint history
e. protocols for waste acceptance
f. odour, dust, visible emissions and hazardous air pollutant mitigation measures
g. management plans.
5.2 Assessment criteria
1. The degree to which Auckland Ambient Air Quality Standards and/or nationally and internationally accepted standards, guidelines and guidance are likely to be met.
2. Whether the amount of separation between the activity discharging to air and existing or potential activities sensitive to air discharges is:
a. appropriate to mitigate adverse effects on the environment, health and amenity; and
b. appropriate to mitigate reverse sensitivity effects; and
c. available for the duration of the consent.
3. The degree to which conditions of consent can avoid, remedy or mitigate adverse effects including appropriate emissions control technology and best practice management.
4. Where applicable, the degree to which offsetting can remedy or mitigate adverse effects considering the proximity of the offset to where the effects of the discharge occur and the effective duration of the offset.
5. Whether there are practicable location and method options that cause less adverse effects and can still achieve the applicant’s objectives.
6. The extent to which amenity provisions of any zone where the discharge is likely to have an effect are met.
7. Whether the assessment methods, including monitoring and modeling are appropriate to the scale of the discharge and any potential adverse effects.
8. Whether discharges to air are minimised as far as practicable, where appropriate through:
a. use of low emission fuels
b. efficient use of energy
c. use of best practicable option
d. minimisation of fugitive emissions
e. reduction, reuse or recycling of waste materials relating to waste processes.